Gemstones: Types, Beauty and Durability

A guide to gemstones, from the types of gemstones available, as well as a look at the Mohs scale to check your gemstone's hardness and durability.
18ct yellow gold hexagon garnet engagement ring with twist band design by London jewellery designer, Georgina Yvonne

Gemstones

An Introduction

Gemstones have captivated us for centuries with their vibrant colors, unique properties, and timeless allure. Whether you’re drawn to the deep blue of sapphire or the fiery hues of ruby, understanding gemstones and their Mohs scale hardness helps ensure your jewellery remains beautiful and durable for years to come.

Gemstones

Mohs Hardness Scale

The Mohs scale of hardness measures a gemstone’s resistance to scratching, ranging from 1 (softest) to 10 (hardest). Harder gemstones are more durable, making them ideal for everyday wear, while softer stones may require extra care.

Gemstones

Diamond

Diamonds are traditionally colourless but available in shades like yellow, pink, and blue.
Mohs Hardness: 10 (Hardest).
Diamonds are the hardest natural substance on Earth, making them exceptionally durable and brilliant. They’re a classic choice for engagement rings and timeless jewellery.

Gemstones

Ruby

Rubies are a deep red, ranging from pinkish to purplish hues.
Mohs Hardness: 9.
A member of the corundum family, rubies symbolises passion and love. Their durability makes them ideal for everyday wear.

Gemstones

Sapphire

Sapphires are most famously blue, but also available in pink, yellow, and green.
Mohs Hardness: 9.
Another corundum variety, sapphires are versatile and durable, perfect for engagement rings and statement pieces.

Gemstones

Emerald

Emeralds are vibrant green, often with natural inclusions known as "jardin."
Mohs Hardness: 7.5–8.
A type of beryl, emeralds exude sophistication. They’re softer than diamonds and corundum, so they require gentle care.

Gemstones

Aquamarine

Aquamarines are typically a pale blue, but can vary to slightly darker shades.
Mohs Hardness: 7.5–8.
Also a beryl variety, aquamarine evokes the serenity of the sea. It’s durable enough for occasional wear but needs protection from hard impacts.

Gemstones

Garnet

Garnets are typically a Deep red, although varieties include green, orange, and pink.
Mohs Hardness: 6.5–7.5.
Garnets are durable and come in a wide array of colours, making them a versatile option for all types of jewellery.

Choosing The Perfect Gemstone For You

Consider Durability: For everyday wear, opt for harder gemstones like diamonds, sapphires, or rubies. Softer stones are better for special occasions.
Think About Colour: Choose a gemstone that complements your wardrobe, and personal style.
Set a Price Point: Some gemstones, like diamonds and emeralds, are rarer and more costly, while options like garnets offer beauty at a lower price point.

Caring For Gemstone Jewellery

Clean Regularly: Use a soft cloth and mild soap to clean most gemstones, but avoid harsh chemicals.
Store Separately: Prevent scratching by storing gemstones in individual compartments or pouches.
Avoid Impact: Even hard gemstones can chip if dropped or struck - remember to be mindful when storing your gemstone jewellery.